Automatic old balance pickup means



Jan. 29, 1952 w PITMAN 2,583,666

AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. RICHARD M. P/TMAN Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PITMAN 2,583,666 AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10. 194-9 16 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR i8 ATTORNEY 5 Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PlTMAN 2,583,666

AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet 3 I N VEN TOR. R/CHARD M4 P/TMAN BY MM:

ATTORNEY Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PITMAN AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 194-9 16 Sheets-Sheet 4 Q3 INVENTOR RICHARD WP/TMAN Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PlTMAN 2,583,666

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AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov.- 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR RICHARD W P/TMAN 16 Sheets-Sheet 10 INVENTOR R/CHARD W P/TMAN 2241; 4.7%

ATTORNEY NMN R. W. PITMAN AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 Jan. 29, 1952 1952 R. w. PITMAN AUTOMATIC ow BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet ll INVENTOR R/CHARD W P/TMAN ATTORNEY Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PITMAN 2,583,666

AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet l2 agil- IN VEN TOR. RICHARD m P/TMAN A TTORNEV Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PITMAN AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 18 SheetsSheet l5 ,Q/CHARD WP/T/V/AN W 94141; 43462::

ATTORNEY R. W. PITMAN AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Jan. 29, 1952 16 Sheets-Sheet 14 Original Filed Nov. 10,

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Jan. 29, 1952 R. w. PlTMAN 2,583,666

AUTOMATIC ow BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet l5 coo; F15. 33 F/' 51. 34

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AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Original Filed Nov. 10, 1949 16 Sheets-Sheet 16 Patented Jan. 29, 1952 AUTOMATIC OLD BALANCE PICKUP MEANS FOR ACCOUNTING AND LIKE MACHINES Richard W. Pitman, Laverock-Hillcrest, Pa., as-

signor to Underwood Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Original application November 10, 1949, Serial No. 126,612. Divided and this application December 27, 1950, Serial No.'202,845

'7 Claims.

This application is a division of my original application, Serial No. 126,612, filed November 10, 1949.

This invention relates to accounting machines for keepin a ledger record of progressive transactions and computing and recording the balances of such accounts, and is directed particularly to automatic old balance pick-up means in such machines.

A principal object of the present invention is to provide automatic balance pick-up means particularly adapted to machines of the type known as Sundstrand accounting machines, as exemplified in the Sundstrand Patent No. 2,194,- 270. This type of machine is characterized particularly by the ten-key amount keyboard and the mechanisms related thereto for indexing amounts and entering same in the totalizer and for determining the differential positions of the gang-printing type bars.

A further object resides in providing, in an accounting machine of the Sundstrand type, means for automatically reentering the old balance in the machine preparatory to posting a new item of transaction, the balance being sensed digitby-digit from the codal record in order to accommodate the like manner of reentering the digits of the balance in such machines, means being provided by which the digital readings are each translated into an automatic selection and operation of the appropriate keyboard keys.

The balance as codally recorded may be of positive or negative character representing either a debit balance or an overdraft and the nature of the balance is codally recorded by signal designations. Another. object is to provide sensing means for also sensing said signal designation and to provide means operable in response to said sensing condition the machine for entering theamount being sensed either additively or subtractively according to the nature of the balance.

Other objects Will in part be obvious and in particularly pointed out as the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention proceeds.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a general perspective view of the accounting machine embodying the invention,

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the entire ma- 2 chine taken on a fore-and-aft plane to the right of the Amount keyboard and the printing typebars and crossfooter, with the paper carriages shown in elevation,

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the Amount-key-operated stop-setting mechanism and the cycle-operated stop-restoring, mechanism,

Figure 4 is a sectional view, taken on the plane 44 of the Figure 3, of a portion of the stopsetting mechanism,

Figure 5 is a plane view of the stop-setting escapement mechanism, v

Figure 6 is a perspective view of certain mechanisms associated with the Amount keys and certain operation-control keys,, operative in the automatic pick-up of the old balance,

Figure '7 is a perspective view of the motoroperated cycling {mechanism and the controls therefor,

Figure 8 is a front elevation of the motordriven gearing and cycling clutch mechanism,

Figure 9 is a fragmentary elevation showing'a portion of the mechanism for carriage-control of the cycling mechanism,

Figure 10 is a fragmentary side elevation of the mechanism for controlling the operation of the crossfooter for addition or subtraction, the parts being in condition for addition and the main rock shaft having just begun its forward stroke,

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10 but showing the condition of the crossfooter-operating mechanism assumed at the beginning of the return stroke of the rock shaft,

Figure 12 is a detail view of the crank arm and pawl on the main rock shaft for actuating the crossfooter-operating mechanism,

Figure 13 is a fragmentary view showing the crossfooter pinions engaged with the subtracting racks,

Figure 14 is a fragmentary view of the mechanism shown in Figure 13, as viewed from the righthand side thereof,

Figure 15 is a fragmentary lefthand elevation of the crossfooter and fugitive-one mechanism thereof, the latter being in the position assumed immediately after the introduction of the fugitive unit subtractively. This view also shows a portion of the mechanism for conditioning the crossfooter for printing a negative total.

Figure 16 is a fragmentary perspective view of the fugitive-one mechanism, the parts being shown in the positions just prior to the introduction of the fugitive unit additively.

Figure 17 is a fragmentary elevational view of the tens-transfer mechanism,

Figure 18 is a perspective view of the total and sub-total control mechanisms for the crossfooter, the parts being shown in the position occupied when the main rock shaft is completing its forward stroke in the taking of a debit subtotal,

Figure 19 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the Subtraction key and Credit Balance key-controlled mechanisms for controlling the subtractive operations of the crossfooter, the parts being shown in the position taken when the main rock shaft is completing its forward stroke in the operation of subtracting an item, the latter under carriage control,

Figure 20 is a schematic view of the composite work sheet, including a diagrammatic showing of the control magazines associated with the various columns of the work sheet, for effecting carriagecontrol of various automatic operations of the machine,

Figure 21 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the carriage return mechanism and the mechanism for controlling same by the punch-actuating mechanism, and also shows a portion of the punch-actuating mechanism and the carriage-control thereof in the condition assumed when the carriage is at the perforate record column,

Figure 22 is a view at the righthand side of the machine showing the non-print mechanism and the punch-actuating mechanism the latter being shown in inactive condition,

Figure 23 is a fragmentary view of a portion of punch-actuating mechanism in the condition thereof obtaining just after a cycling operation has begun,

Figure '24 is a view similar to Figure 22 but showing the punch-actuating mechanism after the conclusion of the forward stroke of the cycling mechanism and beginning the return stroke, with the carriage-operated control member in operated or punch-enabling position,

Figure 25 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 24 but showing the control member in the normal or punch-disabling position, the punchactuating mechanism being in the position assumed during the completion of the forward stroke of the cycling mechanism,

Figure 26 is a fragmentary perspective view of the uni-directional device associated with the punch-actuating mechanism,

Figure 27 is a plan view partly in section, taken on line 21-2! of Figure 28, showing the punching unit for making a perforate record of the Balance and showing the sensing unit for picking up the Balance,

Figure 28 is a vertical sectional view of the punching and sensing units, taken on the staggered plane 28-28 of Figure 27,

Figure 29 is a sectional perspective view of a portion of the punching unit, in the operated condition of punching a codal record of the digit 9, the section being taken on a plane just to the right of the highest order amount type bar and the corresponding punching elements,

Figure 30 is a view similar to Figure 29 but taken on a plane just to the right of the rightmost or signal printing type bar and corresponding punching elements, including also that for punching the sheet-locating hole, and shows the operated condition in punching the codal record to signalize the Balance as being of credit nature,

Figure 31 is a detail, side elevational view of one of the cams of the punch-actuating mechanism,

Figure 32 is a perspective View, partly broken away, of a portion of the sensing means,

Figure 33 is a schematic wiring diagram showing the circuit and connections forming part of the sensing means,

Figure 34 is a table showing the code defining the arrangement of the perforations for representing the respective digits and the debit and credit nature of the Balance,

Figure 35 is a table of the electric circuit branches and leads connecting the contacts of the code-analyzing relays shown in Figure 33,

Figure 36 is a perspective view including a schematic showing of the circuits and devices, in the operation of sensing a codal representation of the digit 9 and automatically entering and printing said digit,

Figure 37 is a view similar to Figure 36 but showing the sensing of the perforation signalizing the credit nature of the Balance, including automatic operation of the mechanisms ensuing therefrom, and

Figure 38 is a fragmentary perspective view of the mechanism for automatically withdrawing the sheet-locating pin incident to an automatic line-spacing operation.

, DETAIL DESCRIPTION The description is divided into the following topics:

1. General Description of the Invention 2. The Machine Sections and Actuating Mechanism 3. Stop Mechanism for Amount Keyboard 4. Correction Key, Backspace Key and Repeat Key for Amount Keyboard 5. The Machine Cycling Mechanism 6. Totalizer or Crossfooter '7. Taking Positive Totals From Crossfooter 8. Transfer and Fugitive-One Mechanisms 9. Accumulating subtractive Amounts 0. Conditioning the Crossfooter for Printing a Negative Total Carriage Control of Certain Machine Functions Rear Registers or Counters Printing Signals Ribbon Mechanism Enforcing a Blank Cycle Prior to Total Printing . Printing Hammer Mechanism Carriage Control of Non-Print Automatic Carriage Return 19. Punch-Actuating Mechanism 20. General Arrangement of Punching and Sensing Units 21. Punching Unit 22. Punching the Signal and Sheet-Locating Holes 23. Sheet-Locating Pin and Withdrawing Means Thereof 24. Record Sensing Means 25. Magnetic Operating Means for Keyboard 26. Control of Step Movement of Sensing Carriage 27 Circuit Connections in General 28. Circuit Connections for Control of Sensing Carriage Movement 8 Numeral Sensing and Code Analyzing Circuit Connections Operation of Escapement-Operated Switch Circuit Connections for Sub-Units Order Sensing Operations Summary of Old-Balance Pick-up Operation Summary of Balance Punching Operation 1. General description of the invention The accounting machine forming the illustrated embodiment of the invention is of the general kind shown and described in detail in the Sundstrand Patent No. 2,194,270, and includes the customary keyboard with amount keys, character keys for dates and bookkeeping symbols, and register selecting and totalizer controlling keys. The machine has the customary traveling paper carriage that is tabulated from column to column and is returned either manually or automatically. Automatic control of certain machine functions at the various columns is effected by the usual means, according to the selective set-up of control lugs on the carriage associated with each column of the work sheet.

The machine, as illustrated, provides four column adding registers and one crossfooter or totalizer, although additional registers and totalizers may be provided as described in said Patent No. 2,194,270. Amounts are entered in the registers and totalizers by a common set of actuators differentially actuated under control of pins set by the amount keys, which pins and actuators also determine the differential positioning of vertically shiftable type bars for printing the amounts and totals. The totalizer mechanism is adapted for entry of amounts additively or substractively and the accumulated totals may be either positive or negative character to represent either a debit balance or an overdraft.

At the right of the group of amount printing type bars, is a symbol printing type bar by which a number of distinctive symbols may be printed to designate the character of the machine operation being performed. Two of these symbols designated total printing operations of either a debit balance or a credit balance have particular relation to the present invention.

In accordance with the invention, means are provided for recording the balance on a ledger sheet in such form that it may be subsequently read or sensed by sensing means to enable the machine to automatically pick up the old balance. In the embodiment illustrated, the balance-recording means includes a series of groups of six punches to make a perforate record of the balance, each digit of the balance being distinctively represented by two perforations according to a combinational codal scheme. A series of punchselecting members, arranged with the punches on the paper carriage, are disposed over the type bars when the carriage is at the Balance recording column. During the total printing operation, incident to which the type bars are differentially positioned, the punch-selecting members are correspondingly positioned to thereby select a certain two of the punches in each group representative of the digital value of the respective type bars. Incident to the operation of a cycle mechanism, during which a series of printing hammers may be released for spring actuation to effect printing of the balance, punch-actuating means is operated to cause the differentially positioned punch-selecting members to engage and actuate the selected punches, to thereby produce the perforate record representative of the balance.

To avoid interlineation of the perforate record with the successive lines bearing the printed balance, the sensable record of the balance is perforated in a separate column at the right of the balance column. To enable this lateral separation of the printed and perforate records of the balance, two total printing operations are effected. The first of these is a sub-total printing operation which therefore avoids clearing the register. The second is a total printing operation in which the punch-actuating mechanism is operated as above described but in which printing of the balance is avoided by a non-print control, which operation, however, results in clearing the totalizer.

A group of punches and a punch-selecting slide are also associated with the symbol printing type bar, this slide being disposed over said type bar in the manner described for the amount representing punch mechanism. According to whether the symbol printing type bar is raised different extents to print a debit balance or a credit balance designating symbol, and the punch-selecting slide is correspondingly positioned to thereby select a certain punch of the group to represent either the credit or debit nature of the balance, this symbol punchin mechanism being actuated by the same mechanism which operates the digit representing punches.

To enable picking up the so-recorded Old Balance, sensing means is provided under control of which, during a digit-by-digit sensing operation, the Old Balance is automatically printed on the work sheet and said balance is automatically entered into th totalizer or crossfooter in preparation for computing a second new balance. The codal character of each digit representation being sensed is translated into a selection of the corresponding digit of the amount keys, through the medium of a code-analyzing relay system, so that as each two-hole perforate record of a digit is sensed, the corresponding amount key i actuated to effect the selection of the corresponding type and to cause the printing and entry thereof into the totalizer during a subsequent cycling operation. To enable indexing of the balance by automatic operation of the amount keys digit-bydigit, the sensing means is advanced automatically step-by-step along the perforate record by suitable escapement mechanism so that each denomination of the balance is sensed and indexed in the machine seriatim.

The sensing means traverses the entire denominational range starting at the highest order. In all instances where the balance is a lesser number of denominations than the capacity of the totalizer, the sensing means is automatically advanced through each higher order to reach the order at which the first-significant figure of the balance is codally recorded. To accomplish this the perforate record includes 0 digit perforations in the orders above the first-significant figure, which were made during the balance recording operation, by the type bars of such orders rising to the 0 printing position and, through the medium of their punch-selecting slides, determining the punching of 0 designating perforations.

Therefore, at the highest and successively lower orders, down to the first-significant figure, where a codal perforation for 0 is present, the sensing operation will cause the 0 amount key to be operated, which in turn will set the 0" pin in the pin field. A switch common to all of the amount keys including the 0 key is thereby closed, thus energizing the escapement-operating magnet to cause a spacing operation by which the sensing means steps to the next lower order. The sensing of the first and successively lower significant-figure perforations of the balance results in magnet-operation of the corresponding amount keys which, by the means described, causes a spacing operation of the sensing means through the successively lower orders.

When the sensing operation has progressed through the lowest or units order, the sensing of the symbol-designating perforation takes place. If the record represents a positive or debit balance, the sensing of the corresponding symbol perforation causes a spacing operation of the sensing means. However, if the symbol-designating perforation represents a credit balance or overdraft, the Credit Balance key is automatically operated and the machine is thereby conditioned to print the balance in red and to enter the amount subtractively in the totalizer during the subsequent cycling operation. In operating the Credit Balance key, the escapement-actuating magnet is also energized so that the sensing head steps from the symbol-designating subunits order to a cycling position where a circuit to a motor-bar-operating magnet is closed. Operation of the motor bar also causes a spacing operation of the sensing head and causes the machine to make a cycling operation. The resultant step of the sensing head from the cycling position brings same to a final position at which the circuit to the motor bar magnet is reopened. As a result of the cycling operation, the amount entered in the pin field is automatically printed by the differentially positioned type bars on the record sheet as an Old Balance and is re-entered into the totalizer in preparation for entering a new item and computing the resultant New Balance. In this way the sensing head is brought to the non-operative or quiescent position where it remains inactive until it is again advanced to a position to start another sensing operation incident to picking up a subsequent Old Balance.

2. The machine sections and actuating mechanism Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the machine includes the customary keyboard having a set of amount keys 2, repeat, backspace and correction keys 3, function-control keys 4 including register-selecting and totalizer-control, a motor bar 5, and a normalizing key 6.

A travelling record carriage I has a roller platen 8 which, in cooperation with the usual paper feeding devices, holds and line-feeds the work sheet for printing thereon. The usual carriage-return and tabulating mechanisms are provided which, under manual control. of keys 9 or automatic control by the carriage, determine the return shuttling and columnar or tabulating positions of the carriage. The carriage supports a control plate I0, Fig. 2, carrying a series of magazines II, one for each column of the work sheet, on which lugs coacting with the various control mechanisms, hereinafter described, determine automatic control of certain machine functions according to the setup of the control lugs for each column.

The column registers, operable for addition only, are designated R in Fig. 2, each register comprising a plurality of ten-tooth wheels. Forward of these registers is the crossfooter or totalizer T adapted for both addition and subtracof these stops.

tion and comprising a plurality of twenty-tooth wheels.

The printing of item amounts and totals on the work sheet is effected by printing mechanism, later described, including the usual compliment of type bars or actuators I2.

The machine is operated by an actuating shaft I3 that is arranged to be rocked first counterclockwise and then clockwise during each cycle of the machine under the control of the machine cycling mechanism, later described.

Two similar arms I4, only one of which is shown, are secured to drive shaft I3 and are each provided with rollers I5 that rest in cam slots in the forward ends of two similar arms I6, pivoted on a red I! and situated on opposite sides of type bars I2. A series of actuating levers I8, one for each type bar I2, are pivoted on rod I! between arms I6 and are tensioned clockwise about the rod by springs I9 so that the upper edges of the levers I8 rest against a tie rod or universal bar 22 secured between arms I6. The forward ends of levers I8 are each operatively connected at 23 to their corresponding type bars I2 which are guided for vertical movement in the machine frame. The rear end of each lever I8 is connected by pin-and-slot connection 24 to a bell crank 25 also pivoted on rod I'I adjacent each actuating lever. The rear ends of bell cranks 25 are connected at 26 to corresponding register actuating racks 21 guided for vertical movement in the machine frame. Springs 28 normally tension the bell cranks counterclockwise about rod I! so that the pins of connections 24 are urged toward the upper edges of the slots for effecting a transfer from one order to the next higher order in the registers R, as disclosed in Patent No. 2,194,270.

Rearward projections 29, Fig. 2, on the type bars I2 support a series of adding racks M and a series of subtracting racks 32 on the opposite side of the crossfooter T. The usual pin-and-slot connections 35 are provided between the racks and the projections for transfer purposes, as later described.

Operation of the machine causes arms I4 and I6 to be raised and lowered during each cycle. As rod 22 rises during the first half of the cycle, the actuating levers I8 raise such of the type bars I2 as are free to rise, under tension of springs I9. The corresponding crossfOoter-actuating racks 3| and 32 rise therewith while the corresponding register-actuating racks 21 are simultaneously lowered. As rod 22 descends.

during the second half of the cycle, the levers I8 are restored, restoring the type bars and racks to the normal position shown in Fig. 2.

3. Stop mechanism for amount keyboard The means for determining the extent to which the actuators I2 shall rise comprises a stationary group of stops 36, Figs. 3 and 4, arranged in as many columns as there are actuators I2, there being ten stops in each column. Pivoted to the lower portion of each actuator I2 is a forwardly extending bar 31, Fig. 2, the front end of each bar extending slidably into an opening in a vertical pin 38. The pins 33 are guided for vertical movement in a slide 40, Fig. 4, mounted upon a stationary rod M for movement transversely of the machine. The slide is arranged to shift the pins 38 from their initial position, shown in Fig. 3 at the left side of the group of stops 36, into the vertical planes of the columns When an actuator I2 is raised 

